Facharbeit: arnold schwarzenegger- the governor of california
Table of Contents
Content
Page
Introduction......................
3
I. Arnold Schwarzenegger
I.1 Biography..................
4
I.
2 Filmography.....................
..
6
I.3 Maria Shriver (wife)................
7
II. California
II.1 History, Facts and Symbols...........
8
II.2 Governors of California .............
12
III. The Republican Party
III.
1 History, political Direction and facts........
14
III.2 Famous Republicans..............
15
IV. Arnold Schwarzenegger as the Governor of California..
16
Bibliography....................
19
Introduction
My topic is Arnold Schwarzenegger - The Governor of California. I chose this one in coherence with our subject matter in the first semester: the American Policy. We talked about some parties, some presidents and some important events in the political history of the USA, but now I want to concentrate on one man, one party and one region.
I made up my mind to write about Arnold Schwarzenegger because when you take a look at his past and career bracket, he seems very interesting. At first he was a normal boy from Austria who was interested in sports, but then he became a great bodybuilder, actor, and finally the Governor of California. How can a man have such an achievement? And how can a man be interested and successful in so many different fields of activity?
In this skilled work I want to answer these questions and to point out some facts of the life of Arnold Schwarzenegger as the Governor of California including his past and current life.
I want to give information about him and his wife, Maria Shriver, the First Lady of California. I intend to show why Schwarzenegger became the Governor and if he does his job well or if he only was voted because of his popularity as actor and bodybuilder.
You will learn something about California today, its political past and its general history.
Because of the fact that A. Schwarzenegger is a Republican I will also outline some facts of this party, including its history and policies.
I.
Arnold Schwarzenegger
I.1 Biography
Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger was born on July 30, 1947 in Graz, Austria.
His parents were Gustav Schwarzenegger (1907-1972), a policeman, and his wife Aurelia (1922-1998).
He was early interested in Sports (soccer, boxing and running). His Father supported him and wanted him to take things more seriously. At the age of 15 he began with strength training, three years later, at the age of 18 he decided to do bodybuilding.
Bodybuilding career
His career started when he won the title "Junior Mr. Europe" in March 1966. After he gained the title "Mr. Universe", the IFBB (International Federation of Bodybuilding & Fitness) invited him to the U.S. and although he could not speak English very well, he accepted the invitation.
In America he became "Mr. Olympia", "Mr. World" and again "Mr. Universe". Schwarzenegger set a world record because of winning the title "Mr. Universe" seven times (1980).
His physics earned him his nickname The Austrian Oak.
At this time he also studied psychology and economics. So he was not the type of man about whom one would say that he has got his brain in his muscles.
Acting Career
In 1970 he got his first role in a movie called "Hercules in New York" but it was not very successful. After this the documentation "Pumping Iron" followed. This film pointed out the other site of bodybuilding.
The director Bob Rafelson was impressed by Arnold Schwarzenegger's abilities and gave him a role in the movie "Stay Hungry". This role brought him a Golden Globe for "Best Newcomer".
His breakthrough film was "Conan the Barbarian", since then many movies followed (p.6 filmography) and he became a Hollywood superstar.
His most famous quotation is "Hasta la vista, Baby" (Terminator 2).
In 1983 he decided to be an American citizen and received the US citizenship.
Political Career
Politically, Arnold became a Republican and justified his decision in an interview with MSNBC (Microsoft & National Broadcasting Company).
"Well, I think because a lot of people don't know why I'm a Republican, I came first of all from a socialistic country which is Austria and when I came over here in 1968 with the presidential elections coming up in November, I came over in October, I heard a lot of the press conferences from both of the candidates Humphrey and Nixon, and Humphrey was talking about more government is the solution, protectionism, and everything he said about government involvement sounded to me more like Austrian socialism.
Then when I heard Nixon talk about it, he said open up the borders, the consumers should be represented there ultimately and strengthen the military and get the government off our backs. I said to myself, what is this guy's party affiliation? I didn't know anything at that point. So I asked my friend, what is Nixon? He's a Republican. And I said, I am a Republican.
That's how I became a Republican." (Arnold Schwarzenegger, October 29, 2002)[1].
But he is not a radical Republican in that he is not against abortion.
From 1990 until 1993 he was Chairman of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports. Later he became Chairman of the California Governor's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports.
On August 7, 2003 he declared his intention to become the Governor of California.
Exactly 2 months later he won the election with more than 48%. He was inaugurated into Office as the 38th Governor of California on November 17, 2003 and thus replaced Gray Davis. Because of his popular trilogy (Terminator I, II, and III) where he was the leading actor and because of his present job (Governor) he is called the Governator.
Family Life
Arnold Schwarzenegger's family life is not as turbulent as his careers. He married his wife Maria Shriver, a newscaster and Kennedy niece, on August 26, 1986 in the Church of St. Francis Xavier.
They have 4 Children named Katherine, Christina, Patrick, and Christopher. Unlike other famous families, the Schwarzenegger's do not fight or argue publicly. Their family life seems to be entirely harmonic, which might also be a reason for his success with the people, i.e. for the trust the people have in him and all the sympathies he is gaining.
I.
2 Filmography
o "Hercules in New York (1970)
o The Long Goodbye (1973)
o Stay Hungry (1976)
o Pumping Iron (1977) (documentary)
o The Villain (1979)
o Scavenger Hunt (1979)
o The Comeback (1980) (documentary)
o Body by Garret (1982) (short subject)
o Conan the Barbarian (1982)
o Conan the Destroyer (1984)
o The Terminator (1984)
o Red Sonja (1985)
o Commando (1985)
o Raw Deal (1986)
o Predator (1987)
o The Running Man (1987)
o Red Heat (1988)
o Twins (1988)
o Total Recall (1990)
o Kindergarten Cop (1990)
o Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991)
o Freed (1992) (documentary)
o Dave (1993) (cameo)
o Last Action Hero (1993)
o The Last Party (1993) (documentary)
o A Century of Cinema (1994) (documentary)
o Beretta's Island (1994)
o True Lies (1994)
o Junior (1994)
o T2 3-D: Battle Across Time (1996) (short subject)
o Eraser (1996)
o Jingle All the Way (1996)
o Stand Tall (1997) (documentary)
o Batman & Robin (1997)
o Junket Whore (1998) (documentary)
o End of Days (1999)
o The 6th Day (2000)
o Last Party 2000 (2001) (documentary)
o Collateral Damage (2002)
o Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines (2003)
o The Rundown (2003) (cameo)
o Around the World in 80 Days (2004)
o How Arnold Won the West (2004) (documentary)
o WMD: Weapon of Mass Destruction (2004)(documentary) [2]"I
I.3 Maria Shriver
Maria Owings Shriver Schwarzenegger, the First Lady of California, was born in Chicago, Illinois, on November 6, 1955.
As the daughter of Sargent Shriver and Eunice Kennedy, and thus the granddaughter of Joseph Kennedy and niece to John F., Edward, and Robert Kennedy, Maria grew up amidst politicians and therefore is, as opposed to her husband, a democrat.
She got the Bachelor of Arts degree in American Studies at Georgetown University in 1977. After her graduation she started to work at a TV station called KYW in Philadelphia.
She became a famous national reporter and moved to NBC where she presented NBC Dateline (a US weekly television newsmagazine) from 1989 to 2004, but in November 2003 she took an unpaid furlough to support his husband as he offered himself as a candidate in the 2003 California Recall.
Due to the fact that she became first Lady of California when her husband won the election, she wanted to leave NBC and concentrate on her new job.
Maria Shriver is additionally the author of two best-selling books: the self-help book "Ten Things I Wish I'd Known - Before I Went Into the Real World", and the children's book "What's wrong with Timmy?".[3]
II. California
II.1 History, Facts and Symbols
California, with the capital Sacramento, belongs to the west coast of the U.
S.A. and adjoins to Oregon, Nevada, Arizona and Mexico. The coastline from the Oregon border to Mexico is about 1,264 miles (1.609 km) long. It has many bays and harbours, e.
g. in San Francisco, San Diego etc. The region lies on the degree of latitude from 32°30'N to 42°N and on the degree of longitude from 114°8'W to 124°24'W. It is the third largest state of the U.S. with an area as large as 410,000 km² (first: Alaska, second: Texas).
On account of California consisting of many different regions, it has many diverse climates. And it is not like the majority think: it is not always sunny. There are five main climates: the Mediterranean, Desert, Steppe, Cool Interior and the Highland Climate, but one can also find variations of every of these climates in entire California (compare p.11).
Its population in 2003 was about 35,484,453 but this number is divided into many races:
o "46.7% White non-Hispanic
o 32.
4% Hispanic
o 10.9% Asian
o 6.7% Black
o 4.7% mixed race" [4]
Moreover, there are miscellaneous religions: Protestant, Roman Catholic, Judaism, etc.
Imagesoft.net claims about the origin of the name: "The state was named by Spanish after Califia, a mythical paradise in a Spanish romance written by Montalvo in 1510"[5], but the actual word California was first mentioned in a document by Father Antonia de Meno in 1541.
Two men called Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo and Francis Drake were the first ones to explore this area that later became known as California. Cabrillo explored the coast in 1542, and more than 30 years later Drake explored the inland (1579). Spanish colonies were founded there and in 1594 California belonged to Spain, but when Mexico became independent from Spain, the settlements belonged to the ownership of Mexico. After the Mexican-American War in 1847, the domain was split into two different parts, one belonging two Mexico and one belonging to the United States. Later on, during the American Civil War to be precise, California was divided again into North (30%) and South (70%).
In January 1848, when James Marshall found a few little pieces of Gold, the Gold Rush of California began.
The official nickname The Golden State may also allude to this time.
On September 9, 1850 California entered the USA as the 31st state.
California has many symbols that refer to its history. At first the official nickname, which is already mentioned above: The Golden State.
In addition to that, there are the California Redwoods which are trees that were planted many years B.C.
They are the official State Trees (1937). The largest of these trees, which is simultaneously the largest of the world, is called General Sherman Tree, and is 272 feet (approx.: 83 m.) high, and is more than 36 feet (approx.: 11 m.) thick.
The California Grizzly Bear (ursus californicus) is the official State Animal since 1953 and stands for strength and independence. Because of eating livestock and obstructing the settlers it was hunted and died off in August 1922. California had had quantitatively more of these grizzly bears than the rest of the USA.
In 1931 the California Quail (lophortyx californica), or Valley quail, became the official State Bird. It is smaller than a pigeon but famous for its staying power. Its head is adorned with a black plume, and under his beak he has something that looks like a little black bib with white stripes on it.
The eggs of these birds look creamy white and have golden spots.
The official State Flower is the Poppy since 1903. The Indians recognized that this flower gives two things: food and oil. It grows all over California and also has nicknames like copa de oro (cup of gold) and Flame Flower.
Like the official nickname, the official Motto of California refers to the Gold Rush. It is Eureka it is Greek and means "I found it".
You find it on the state seal since 1849. It comes from the famous Greek mathematician Archimedes, who discovered a method with which you can determine the purity of gold. "In God We Trust" should become the State Motto but "Eureka" asserted itself and was declared as the official State Motto in 1963.
The official State Song is called I love You, California and was written by a merchant from Los Angeles. Alfred Frankenstein composed the music to the lyrics. It was adopted in 1988 after attempts were made to establish other songs like "California, Here I Come" as the official state song.
"I Love You, California" was at first the official song for expositions in 1915. When the first ship passed through the Panama Canal, this song was played, too.
The California State Flag was first raised on June 14, 1846, and was designed by William Todd. It was a sign of insurgency against Mexican rule and additionally shows the writing California Republican on the bottom. The star was copied from the lone star of Texas flag. The bear is again the official state animal, the California Grizzly Bear.
The flag was officially adopted in 1911.[6]
On The Great Seal Of The State California, designed by Major R. S., one can also find many symbols. In the foreground you can see Minerva, the goddess of wisdom and the California Grizzly Bear. The grape vines near the bear stand for the wine production and agriculture in CA.
In the background you see a gold miner working, which is another reference to the Gold Rush. The sailing ships on the Sacramento River show the state's economic power. At the top, there is the state motto "Eureka". The Seal was adopted in 1849.[7]
II.2 Governors of California
(Since statehood)
"Peter Burnett1st Governor (1849-1851) *
Henry Gage
20th Governor (1899-1903) +
John McDougall
2nd Governor (1851-1852) *
George Pardee
21st Governor (1903-1907) +
John Bigler
3rd Governor (1852-1856) *
James Gillett
22nd Governor (1907-1911) +
J.
Neeley Johnson
4th Governor (1856-1858)
Hiram Johnson
23rd Governor (1911-1917) +
John Weller
5th Governor (1858-1860) *
William Stephens
24th Governor (1917-1923) +
Milton Latham
6th Governor (1860-1860)
Friend Richardson
25th Governor (1923-1927) +
John Downey7th Governor (1860-1862)
C. C. Young
26th Governor (1927-1931) +
Leland Stanford
8th Governor (1862-1863) +
James Rolph
27th Governor (1931-1934) +
Frederick Low9th Governor (1863-1867)
Frank Merriam
28th Governor (1934-1939) +
Henry Haight10th Governor (1867-1871) *
Culburt Olson
29th Governor (1939-1943) *
Newton Booth
11th Governor (1871-1875) +
Earl Warren
30th Governor (1943-1953) +
Romualdo Pacheco
12th Governor (1875-1875) +
Goodwin Knight
31st Governor (1953-1959) +
William Irwin
13th Governor (1875-1880) *
Edmund G. "Pat" Brown
32nd Governor (1959-1967) *
George Perkins
14th Governor (1880-1883) +
Ronald Reagan
33rd Governor (1967-1975) +
George Stoneman
15th Governor (1883-1887) *
Edmund G. "Jerry" Brown
34th Governor (1975-1983) *
Washington Bartlett
16th Governor (1887-1887) *
George Deukmejian
35th Governor (1983-1991) +
Robert Waterman
17th Governor (1887-1891) +
Pete Wilson
36th Governor (1991-1999) +
Henry Markham
18th Governor (1891-1895) +
Gray Davis
37th Governor (1999-2003) *
James Budd
19th Governor (1895-1899) *
Arnold Schwarzenegger
38th Governor (2003-"[8] +
The crosses or the stars behind their term of office stand for their affiliation in the partys. The cross stands for the Republicans and the stars for the Democrats' party.
The most governors of California were Republicans, a total of 21, especially since 1899. The percentage is a bit more than 55 % whereas there were only 13 Democratic governors (34 %). The first Democratic governor of California, Peter Burnett, who was born in 1807 and died in 1895, was in office for 2 years. The first Republican governor was Leland Stanford, born in 1824, who was in office for 1 year.
The shortest terms had Bartlett, Pacheco and Latham. They all were replaced in the same year as they were elected.
The longest period of office had Earl Warren - he was Governor for 10 years. The only Gov. of CA who later became US President was Ronald Reagan. Another interesting parallel to A. Schwarzenegger: both were first actors and Hollywood stars before they decided to start a career as a politician.
III.
The Republican Party
III.1 History, political Direction, and Projects
The Republican Party, also known as Grand Old Party (GOP), exists since February 28, 1854. At the beginning the most members were from the Free Soil Party and the American Party, and their policies were equal to the policies of the Whig Party. The reason for the unification was an important matter: the fight against slavery.
Their first meeting was summoned on July 6, 1854, and their first nominee for President was John C. Frémont with his slogan: "Free soil, free labor, free speech, free men, Fremont.
"[9] He lost the vote but the party became approved. In 1860 Abraham Lincoln became the first Republican President of the U.S. The members of the party tried to pass different changes in the law during the American Civil War in that they fought against slavery and for the African-Americans' permission to vote.
Jeanette Rankin, the first woman in Congress was also a Republican and the result of the engagement of the party to give women the right to vote.
The Republican Party is more conservatively directed than the Democrats and wants to abolish abortion and to ban homosexual marriages.
That is the reason why so many religious and conservative people vote for them.
The official symbol of the party is an elephant in blue, white and red. It is similar to the Flag of the United States of America with the white stars on the blue background.
When we talk about Republicans and California we have to mention the California Young Republicans (CYR), an initiative for young people from age 18 to 40 who want to share their political interests with others all over the state and who want to learn more about politics and parties, especially about the Republican Party. The CYR intends to provide these people with an understanding of the Republican policy and gives them the opportunity to meet famous Republicans. Their members are involved in volunteer work and public service.
With this group the Republicans are promoting new voters for their party.
III.2 Famous Republicans
The most famed Republican is Abraham Lincoln who, as I already stated above, was the American President from 1861 to 1865. He was the first Republican President of the U.S and abolished slavery after the Civil War. He was murdered five days after the capitulation of the Confederate armies.
The third Republican President was Rutherford B. Hayes, who is one of only three who lost the popular vote but nevertheless won the election because of one electoral vote. He was in office for 8 years. (1869-1877).
Dwight David Eisenhower, his nickname was Ike, was a General of Army during the World War II, and after that became President in 1953. At first he did not belong to any party and refused some proposals to become President, but in the end he presented himself as a candidate for the Republican Party.
Another famed Republican was Ronald Reagan, who was like Arnold Schwarzenegger a Governor of California. He was President from 1981 to 1989. After the turmoil years of the 60's and 70's, he reestablished the national pride again.
His successor, George H. W. Bush, the father of the current President, was also a Republican.
When the Cold War ended he was in office. His term was 4 years, hence lasted only one legislative period. He was the one who initiated the first Gulf War.
As aforesaid is George W. Bush the US President, the son of George H. W.
Bush. He is in office since 2001 and led America again in a Gulf War against Iraq because of terrorist attacks on the World Trade Centre taken part on September 11, 2001. Bush, jr. managed it to reunite the nation again after this incidence.
Other Republican Presidents of America were: Gerald R. Ford, Richard M.
Nixon, Herbert C. Hoover, Calvin Coolidge, Warren G. Harding, William Howard Taft, Theodore Roosevelt, William McKinley, Benjamin Harrison, Chester A. Arthur, James A. Garfield and Ulysses S. Grant.
[10]
Also many celebrities belong to the Republican Party. There are singers like Britney Spears and Jessica Simpson, and actors like Denzel Washington, Mel Gibson and Bruce Willis and many more.
IV. Arnold Schwarzenegger as the Governor of California
(his economic policy as an example)
In a speech on September 24, 2003, shortly before the recall, Arnold Schwarzenegger talks about the economic policy in California at that time and what he would change if he became Governor. The most important fact he refers to is the taxation, which is already shown in the subtitle of his speech: "California needs someone to terminate taxes"[11].
He complains about the policy of that time's Governor Gray Davis, under which the people are not treated equally since the taxes for rich people and successful businessmen are unfairly high.
He is considering that the tax system is "designed to make rich people in California poorer"[12] and, according to him, that was after all not the purpose of taxes. In connection with this he talks about the jobs in California and that G. Davis drives job creators away instead of creating new jobs.
Schwarzenegger also criticizes the fiscal-management of the Governor, who drove CA directly into high debts, which grow every day.
Furthermore, Arnold Schwarzenegger speaks about the Gross Domestic Product's (GDP) increase before Davis became Governor. In that time California's economy grew the most in the United States and that this is impossible under their present leadership.
He also makes an assault upon the lieutenant governor, his adversary, Bustamante, and that he would continue like Gray Davis.
Schwarzenegger promises to diminish the taxes and refers to a quotation by John F. Kennedy, which gives the reason. ("when taxes are too high, there will never be enough jobs or enough revenues to balance the budget.", 1962)[13] . Also, he wants to stop some spending to come out of debts because he is holding the view that you cannot expend money which you do not have.
At last he wants to improve California's education system. With these intentions, he wants to renew the "glory days"[14] of California.
Arnold A. Schwarzenegger speaks very familiar and humourous to the people to get their trust. He alludes to his own live to show them that there were other times in California and that it is possible to achieve so much only with hard work.
He does not blame the citizens of California of their state problems; he only blames their Governor and tells them that they have the possibility to change it and to make California a great and promising state again.
[15]
This was before his assumption of office, but what is now? What do people think about his governorship?
Here is a poll I which shows that Schwarzenegger's popularity has increased in 2004 to approximately 65 percent but has already declined to 55 percent again and seems to decrease more and more. That implies that the number of people who disagree with him is growing.
We do not know what the future will bring, but we will see.
In the Los Angeles Time was an article on Arnold Schwarzenegger's political successes and on the political issues he will have to change his proceedings in.
The main point is again the fiscal policy of California. In fact, he does not raise the taxes but the budget deficit is still high.
Particularly, his plans for a spending limit have still not worked.
Concluding, Arnold Schwarzenegger is a man with ability and auspiciousness, both of which made up his maintenance history, which is affected by highs and lows and many different fields of interest. Not only is he a good soul, moreover, he is a man one has to like because of his amiable and affectionate charisma. Admittedly, you have to say that Schwarzenegger was more successful in acting and bodybuilding than in being the Governor of California.
He achieved a great deal in his live and can be proud of his titles, movies and awards. His family is also a matter of being happy but as the Governor he disappointed many of his voters, although the majority is still happy with him.
His speeches and utterances were promising but the accomplishment seems apparently to be abortive. He has to change his fiscal policy and has to focus on the personal system and organizational structure.
There are still many people who believe in him and if he reconsiders his policies he will not disappoint those people and will be able to surprise many of his critics. California is a Republican state and Arnold Schwarzenegger is a Republican man, so he still can amount to much.
Bibliography
o https://www.gilthserano.
de/bio/film/schwarzenegger02.html
o https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_Schwarzenegger
o https://www.gilthserano.de/bio/film/schwarzenegger01.
html
o https://www.answers.com/topic/maria-shriver
o https://www.imagesoft.net/flags/i-flag/usa-ca.html
o https://en.
wikipedia.org/wiki/California#History
o https://www.netstate.com/states/symb/seals/images/seal_ca.jpg
o https://www.50states.
com/flag/image/nunst0006.gif
o https://www.inn-california.com/Articles/history/californiagovernors.html
o https://www.mcgop.
net/History.htm
o https://www.cyr.org/statement.html
o https://teacher.scholastic.
com/researchtools/articlearchives/civics/presid/prtimeli.htm
o https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_famous_republicans
o https://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.
html?id=110004058
o https://homepage.mac.com/jmzcal/iblog/C1636973019/E1604721679/
o https://www.rppi.org/whatschwarzenegger.shtml
[1] https://en.
wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Biography based on:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_Schwarzenegger
https://www.gilthserano.de/bio/film/schwarzenegger01.
html
https://www.gilthserano.de/bio/film/schwarzenegger02.html
Icopied from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Biography Based on:
https://www.
answers.com/topic/maria-shriver
[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California#Demographics
[5] https://www.imagesoft.net/flags/i-flag/usa-ca.
html
[6] https://www.50states.com/flag/image/nunst0006.gif
[7] https://www.netstate.com/states/symb/seals/images/seal_ca.
jpg
Summary based on
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California#History
https://www.imagesoft.net/flags/i-flag/usa-ca.html
[8]Copied from: https://www.
inn-california.com/Articles/history/californiagovernors.html
[9] https://www.mcgop.net/History.htm
Summary Based on:
https://www.
mcgop.net/History.htm
https://www.cyr.org/statement.html
[10]based on
https://teacher.
scholastic.com/researchtools/articlearchives/civics/presid/prtimeli.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_famous_republicans
[11] ;II ;III ;IV https://www.opinionjournal.
com/editorial/feature.html?id=110004058
I https://homepage.mac.com/jmzcal/iblog/C1636973019/E1604721679/
Summary based on:
https://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.
html?id=110004058
https://www.rppi.org/whatschwarzenegger.shtml
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